Essay on Bureaucracy - 416 Words

Bureaucracy The word â€Å"bureaucracy† has a negative connotation to many people. The fact is that our current system of government would not be able to survive without bureaucracies. The bureaucracy has become the â€Å"fourth branch† of the government, it has quasi-legislative and judicial powers and in it’s own field its authority is rarely challenged. The presence of these large, inefficient structures is necessary if the American people want to continue receiving the benefits that they expect. Bureaucracies are technically encompassed under the executive branch of government. The executive branch, however, does not have control over a lot of the things that the agencies do. Congress tries to control agencies by influencing the†¦show more content†¦The president appoints people to head agencies; these people are loyal and have the same ideology as the president. The president can also issue executive orders or simply his word is enough to put an agency into action. The OMB is also under the president so he too can control the amount of money that agencies receive. The president can also reorganize an agency if he chooses. This spread of power is the same way that the founders intended, with the system of checks and balances. The bureaucracy is not under direct control of any branch and it has regulatory and judicial powers that are quasi or semi, these things combined make it safe to assume that the federal bureaucracy is indeed a â€Å"fourth branch.† The American people have come to expect that the government should take care of them. They expect the government to provide social security, regulation of food and medicines, protect consumers, and a whole bunch of other concerns and interests. The government can not provide these things without bureaucracies. People tend to consider bureaucracies as huge overgrown parts of the government, but this is rarely the case with most bureaucracies short on necessary training, funding, supplies and equipment – to carry out the huge task of serving the American people. The government is providing the most it can for Americans with the least amount of spending. The people govern in a democratic government, and if theShow MoreRelatedBureaucracy : Bureaucracy And Bureaucracy Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesBureaucracy role in everyday business People working together in compatible ways by defining everyone’s roles within a hierarchy organizations is a definition of bureaucracy. In examination of bureaucracy the author will find the definition, the advantages and disadvantages and will use the Police Departments in America as an example of bureaucracy and will display its characteristics of bureaucracy. It can be argued that there’s more disadvantages then advantage to using bureaucracy. ResearchRead MoreBureaucracy And Bureaucracies1714 Words   |  7 Pages1) Bureaucracy exists to organize states and keep them working as efficiently as possible. Max Weber claims that bureaucracies are the most efficient form of organization due to control, hierarchy, and predictability. Bureaucracies are created to give authority and power over others, specialize in certain tasks, and restrict individuals through regulations and laws. However, as Kettl makes it clear that this organization is not easy to maintain. According to Kettl, it is important to for citizensRead MoreBureaucracy1409 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT Bureaucracy is all about the rules and regulations to manage a particular activity in the organization. This paper is about how bureaucracy used in old organizations and how it affected the processes of new organizations. It explains how bureaucracy is not applicable in today’s business environment because of many facts. As years went through there was a drastic change in the operations of the organisation. The concern moved from organization to customer service, so the bureaucratic organizationsRead MoreWeber s Bureaucracy And The Bureaucracy1008 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Weber all bureaucracies must have a clear chain of command. This means that there must be an understanding amongst the workers that there is a chain of appeal that they must go through within a bureaucracy to file a grievance or make a suggestion. Within a bureaucracy the areas of jurisdiction are delaminated, meaning that an agency only has authority over the agency they are managing. The institu tion also has power over not only the citizens and officials, but they also own the workersRead MoreBureaucracy Is An Efficient System Bureaucracy1715 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said This passion for bureaucracy ... is enough to drive one to despair. It s as if in politics...we were deliberately to become men who need order and nothing but order (www.goodreads.com). Max Weber brings attention to the consequences of bureaucracy. Although bureaucracy is an efficient system that allows maximum production to occur, bureaucracy has resulted in the loss of individualism and is particularly undemocratic. In public administration, bureaucracy plays a major role in howRead MoreThe Bureaucracy Of The United States Bureaucracy1594 Words   |  7 PagesPA can be seen as a as a dense twist of organizations and branches of government which need to relate to each other in order to serve the public needs of the society. Bureaucracy, as a result, is the internal engine of each public branch of go vernment which coordinate and organize through rules and in a hierarchical way, all the administrators, as to provide an efficient system which is able to satisfy all the public demand of goods and services. However, most of the time it is subject to ridiculeRead MoreFederal Bureaucracy849 Words   |  4 PagesFederal Bureaucracy – to what Extent does the President have Control of it? When the framers of the Constitution developed our government, they gave Congress the authority to create the departments necessary to carry out the day-to-day responsibilities of governing - the federal bureaucracy. The vast majority of the departments, agencies, and commissions that make up the federal bureaucracy today were created by Congress through legislative acts. Congress is unable to act in a bubble thoughRead MoreBureaucracy essay2608 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction A bureaucracy is a large organization that is designed to achieve a common goal through a hierarchical organization. The classic perspective on bureaucracy was proposed by German sociologist, Max Weber at the beginning of 20th century. Weber developed a theory of authority structures and described organizational activity based on authority relations. He described an ideal type of organization that he called a bureaucracy. The characteristics of Webers bureaucracy * Division of laborRead MoreThe Power Of The Bureaucracy1355 Words   |  6 Pages1. Woll views the bureaucracy as the center of governmental power because agencies exercise legislative, judicial, and executive functions, and because of how strongly administration and politics are intertwined. Woll argues that contrary to popular thought, the President and Congress have infrequent control over the administrative process. Agencies make definite decisions that carry out vague policy initiated in Congress or by the President. Agencies also offer expert advice and are receptive toRead MoreThe Classic Conception Of A Bureaucracy851 Words   |  4 PagesA bureaucracy is defined as the complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate effectively the work of their personnel. The classic conception of a bureaucracy was advanced by Max Weber, a German sociologist, who argued that the bureaucracy was a à ¢â‚¬Å"rational† way for a modern society to conduct business. As Americans, we rely heavily on the structure and function of bureaucracies. From the most mundane to ornate

Cultural Challenges of International Business Essay

Steve Kafka, a franchise owner for Chicago Style Pizza, is contemplating the options of opening a new franchise into the country of the Czech Republic, the country of his familys origin. Though Steve has made several trips into the Czech Republic, speaks the language and knows many people, he must seriously consider all of the opportunities and potential barriers to this new venture. I will explore the cultural differences between the United States and the Czech Republic. Next, potential competitive advantages are examined along with Hofsteades Primary Cultural Dimensions to reveal clues to the culture pertaining to the new business. Finally, trade barriers and price income and elasticities are discussed. Culture Differences There†¦show more content†¦As well, there are some differences in dining etiquette. All foods are eaten with knifes and forks as opposed to eating food with the hands, such as the traditional American way of eating pizza. However, this practice is starting to be contested, as snack foods such as pizza and hot dogs are becoming more common. Along with this, it would be advantageous to ensure that the business is well stocked in local beers since it is considered the beverage of choice among natives (Country review: Czech Republic, 2008). Also a salad bar would help bring in a diverse crowd increasing traffic flow in the restaurant. Potential Competitive Advantages There are several competitive advantages in the Czech Republic that make it a good location for starting a new franchise. The general labor costs are low and technical skills are considered high compared to the rest of Western Europe. This could be used to the advantage of the business to foster stronger growth. Contrasting viewpoints, however, highlight that the challenges of the Czech labor market is labor mobility. Workers are not willing to move around the country looking for work. If an area of a large city, such as Prague, has low unemployment levels, then workers may be hard to find (Kay, 2008). Another potential advantage is the trend toward theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Report on Cross-Cultural Management1127 Words   |  5 PagesPerspective v. Issues and Challenges vii. Recommendations based on Management Perspective vii. Summary viii. Bibliography Executive Summary This paper is a report on cross-cultural management, with the issues related to cross-cultural management being discussed in the paper. Additionally, the report has produced the future way of cross-cultural management, including how it can be improved in offices relying much on this strategic approach. â€Æ' Diversity of Cross-Cultural Management Introduction Read MoreCultural Influence on International Businesses1462 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: Cultural Influence on International Businesses Touro University International Wendell K. Speegle MGT 501 Module One: The Nature of Organizations and the Contemporary Environment Dr. Donna DiMatteo Abstract Culture will play a major part in the dynamics of the way we operated in international business circles. Managers today will need special skills in order to meet these challenges. Language differences, culture awareness, and management skills are necessary for success. These challengesRead MoreGlobal Business Challenges Of New Zealand Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Business Challenges Businesses competing in New Zealand and in the global arena, have to face many challenges in order to be successful. There is a vast range of challenges that businesses have to face which are considered, the major business challenges. These challenges can be faced by firms operating in New Zealand and firms that are operating on a global scale. Listed are some of these challenges. 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Specifically, globalization has made proper management of cultural diversity is necessary within organizational structure. In this study, the focus will be on different perspectives of cultural diversity in order to provide an in-depth analysis regarding effective cross-cultural communication. The study will also focus on highlighting the kind of strategies

Refelction On Leadershp Skills Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Refelction On Leadershp Skills. Answer: Leadership can be defined as the art of motivating a group of people for achieving a set of common goals fixed by the organization (DuBrin, 2016). The traits mainly focus on capturing the essentials of being able to be based upon ideas, communicating the ideas among the subordinates. It also includes engaging the subordinates into their objectives and encouraging them to perform beyond their capabilities (Tjosvold Tjosvold, 2015). Individuals with proper leadership skills can set and achieve challenging goals and at the same time take swift and decisive actions out-forming any competition that comes on the way (DuBrin, 2016). Leadership mainly inculcates showing subordinates the different ways by which they can effectively perform their responsibilities and supervise completion of the tasks (Flynn, Smither Walker, 2016). This assignment will mainly include the traits of the leader whom I consider as my role model. Following the traits, I would also reflect the skills that I possess or lack and the leadership traits that I want to develop for my future. Richard Branson, the owner of Virgin Industries is my role model. He is one of the most successful as well as the most influential entrepreneur in the world of business. He is a renowned named in the arenas of leadership because of the extraordinary transformational and charismatic leadership skills. He had fought with dyslexia at a very young age and had a tough life at school. However, all such barriers did not affect his zeal to lead people (Branson, 2015). Therefore, he became successful in exhibiting his leadership prowess at the early age of 16. Today, he has been able to build an empire of 400 companies under Virgin group that includes bank, mobile phones, music, hotel chain, airlines, bridal wears and many others (Hyde, 2018). He was listed in one of the Forbes eligible billionaires 2012. Just like the traits of transformational and charismatic leaders, he is funny, humorous, anti-establishments, war, friendly, risk taker, opportunist, fast, competitive, workaholic and hard n egotiator (Williams, 2017). Over several phases of reflection, I have realized that I am quite introvert and cannot open up myself in front of my team members. Because of this, I cannot engage myself in effective sessions of feedback giving and sharing which is very urgent for implementing innovations and creativity at work. Moreover, it also helps the subordinates feel respected and accepted in the organization that tends to develop their dedication and enthusiasm. I do not have proper social skills for which I am not able to establish effective relationship and bonds with my subordinates for which the work output of the team is never achieved as expected. I need to follow the skills of Richard Branson as he had been able to maintain a healthy leader-member relationship with all his employees. He treats them like family and his social skills are quite high (Burns, 2016). He goes out of his way and invites juniors to his parties in his own home. In addition to this, he welcomes feedback and suggestions from his employees giving them a freedom to be creative (Niphadkar, 2017). As I cannot take the risk of giving freedom to my subordinates and follow a traditional style of safe working, profits are limited and employees are seen to burn out. He believe that motivation and praising capabilities are enough to bring out the best from the employees which encourage them to work beyond their capabilities. Since my communication, skills are not effective and since I am introvert, such praising capabilities are not present in me. I should try to adopt this leadership trait as Branson has experienced himself that by praising generously, people are seen to flourish. Researchers have stated that if leaders promote people more than what they expect, they are seen to show excellent performance. This is because the leaders trust males them more confident in their respective tasks helping them to achieve goals easily (Noke Mosey, 2017). However, one of the skills that I have learnt and is gradually working on is my delegating skills. Just by following the steps of Richard Branson, I had developed the ability to recognize the capabilities and strengths of the subordinates. Accordingly, I allocate them job roles that help them to enjoy their work. I have learn the procedure that first I have to analyze the working styles and likings of the employees and accordingly allocate tasks to them. Richard Branson has said, "I have always believed in the art ofdelegationfinding the best possible people for Virgin and giving them the freedom and encouragement to flourish," (Piehler, Hanisch Burmann, 2015). Giving opportunities to ambitious people would provide them the scope to excel beyond their expectations and thereby emerge themselves as successful professionals for the future (Austin, 2016). Another important attribute that I have learnt from Bransons traits is his hands-on approach. He believes that he should be visible a nd approachable by all. He also believes that he should engage with employees and interact with them about their issues, concerns and suggestions. He had stated "Walk the floor, get to know your people." Researchers are of the opinion that every leaders should engage with the business and the employees (Lambert, Bassell Friedman, 2016). This help to ensure that employees see their leaders as a part of their team and not just officials who monitor and scrutinize them from afar. Therefore, I will also make it a point to engage myself not as higher official but rather as a confidante and guide helping them to overcome obstacles and ensure proper teamwork among them (Ho, 2016). From the entire discussion above, I have understood several skills that I need to brush up for effective leadership. I am introvert and do not have feedback giving and receiving skills. These would be a major barrier in my pathway of effectively leading people. Moreover, I also lack social skills for which effective communication cannot be set by me. Therefore, effective relationship building and bonding cannot be developed. Due to improper communication skills, I have not been able to praise and motivate people, which have been stated to be very important by Richard Branson. However, one positive aspect is that I have the capability to properly identify skills and allocate tasks where they can provide the nets output. I can successfully delegate my subordinates giving them the scope to exhibit their skills and flourish themselves. Apart from the mentioned weakness and strength, one skill that I need to work on is developing hands-on approach. By developing such approach, I can succe ssfully ensure a proper teamwork and satisfaction among the members that in turn will help to meet organizational mission and vision. References Austin, J. (2016). Coaching as a Leadership Style: The Perceived Benefits of a Leader Adopting a Coach-Approach Leadership Style. Branson, R. (2015).The virgin way: If it's not fun, It's not worth doing. Portfolio Trade. Burns, P. (2016).Entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan Limited. DuBrin, A. (2016) Research Findings, Practice, and Skills, 8th edn, Cengage, Boston, Massachusetts. Flynn, C. B., Smither, J. W., Walker, A. G. (2016). Exploring the relationship between leaders core self-evaluations and subordinates perceptions of servant leadership: A field study.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,23(3), 260-271. Ho, G. K. S. (2016). An Examination of Leadership Styles and Corporate Social Responsibility Activities in the Hospitality and Tourism Industries (presentation).Tourism, Leisure and Global Change,1(1), 183-229. Hyde, G. (2018). Influential PartnershipsA Possible Role for a Modern-day Court Jester. InThe Leadership Hubris Epidemic(pp. 179-192). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Lambert, S., Bassell, M., Friedman, H. H. (2017). Leadership in a Knowledge Economy: Building an Innovative Marketing and Branding Organization (pp. 256-265). Niphadkar, C. (2017). The new age transformational leader: Richard Branson.International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research,8(6), 542-547. Noke, H., Mosey, S. (2017). 4 Entrepreneurial culture and leadership.Building an Entrepreneurial Organisation, 47. Piehler, R., Hanisch, S., Burmann, C. (2015). Internal BrandingRelevance, Management and Challenges.Marketing Review St. Gallen,32(1), 52-61. Tjosvold, D., Tjosvold, M. (2015). Leadership for Teamwork, Teamwork for Leadership. InBuilding the Team Organization(pp. 65-79). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Williams, D. (2017). Richard Branson as a Global Magnate. What to learn from him about Business.

Research Proposal on Health Promotion Essay Example

Research Proposal on Health Promotion Essay Health promotion is the lifestyle of the human being aimed at the maintenance of health and prevention of various diseases. The problem of health promotion is quite complicated and wide, because the sociologists and philosophers have not decided yet how a human can control her health, life and well-being. In fact, due to the reliable research and statistics it is known that the human health depends on 55% on her way of life, on 20% on the environment, on 20% on the genetic predisposition and on 10% on the quality of the health services of the country. From the psychological point of view health promotion is closely connected with motivation and the desire of self-improvement. Of course, there more reasons which make the human keep the healthy way of life, but it is a different question. Health promotion is the activity which can be the major factor of the individual’s success at the workplace, education, family, financial stability and of course long and healthy life. Nowadays, health promotion is extremely relevant, because the human being lives in the completely new environment and conditions which are not the same as for example one hundred or thousand years ago. Today the environment is unfavorable, the person feels stress because of the natural, economic, political, psychological, military and other factors, which make the life complicated. As a result the human has to work hard to protect form the negative impact of the environment and maintain her health. The most obvious ways of health promotion are healthy food, physical exercises, absence of the harmful habits (drugs, alcohol and smoking), psychological control over the stress and its negative variations. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Health Promotion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Health Promotion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Health Promotion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Health promotion is the important and useful activity which is aimed to protect one’s health from the harm of the natural and anthropogenic environment. The problem is deep and the student is able to prepare a good research proposal which would concentrate on the main aspects of health promotion. The student is supposed to create a logical and convincing proposal which would demonstrate the core points suggested for the research and the explanation of the aim of the research of the issues on health promotion. One should share his expectations concerning the research and demonstrate the methods used to achieve the predicted results. A good research proposal is the hard work and experience which are enriched by the wise piece of advice of a free example research proposal on health promotion prepared by the certified writer for the student’s benefit. With the help of a free sample research proposal on health promotion one is able to understand the right research approach towards the problem and the correct construction of the persuasive phrases. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Health Promotion topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Free Essays on The Light Of The World

In â€Å"the light of the world†, by Ernest Hemingway, the main setting is a train station where our characters are sitting on a bench. The setting gives us time place and atmosphere; in addition it sheds light on the character nick. Showing his sensitivity to beauty and how naà ¯ve he is. The setting also show’s how nick is still just learning the way’s of the world and just getting his feet wet. The physical setting involves a time in Nick’s life where he is still young. The setting is a train station with benches where He meets 5 whores and six white men. Nick, the narrator, tells us â€Å"that it was crowded and hot from the stove and full of stale smoke. As we came in nobody was talking† (40). This is what is said before Nick and his friend walk into the room. This little bit of description adds to our understanding of how the characters begin to get a little hostile. After that the dialogue between characters does not stop, which gives us more insight into how out going nick really is. Symbolically this train station represents Nick’s life and how he will meet new people and in his life many people will pass him by. The setting also gives us a good look into Nick’s personality. We can see he is very young by his naivetà ©. But we have a real respect for him, because he is very sensitive to beauty. We can tell bye the way he looks at the ugliest whore there and talk’s about how beautiful her voice is. We read that the cook turned to the fat one quickly and said â€Å"you big disgusting mountain of flesh†. But Nick says â€Å"the big whore shook and laughing. She had a real pretty voice†. We can see through these excerpts that Nick is a really very sensitive to beauty and doesn’t really dislike her because of her size. Nicks naivetà © is shown in the how he doesn’t quite realize these women and how society feel’s toward them. The setting gives us specific insight to our main character. Both physically and emoti... Free Essays on The Light Of The World Free Essays on The Light Of The World In â€Å"the light of the world†, by Ernest Hemingway, the main setting is a train station where our characters are sitting on a bench. The setting gives us time place and atmosphere; in addition it sheds light on the character nick. Showing his sensitivity to beauty and how naà ¯ve he is. The setting also show’s how nick is still just learning the way’s of the world and just getting his feet wet. The physical setting involves a time in Nick’s life where he is still young. The setting is a train station with benches where He meets 5 whores and six white men. Nick, the narrator, tells us â€Å"that it was crowded and hot from the stove and full of stale smoke. As we came in nobody was talking† (40). This is what is said before Nick and his friend walk into the room. This little bit of description adds to our understanding of how the characters begin to get a little hostile. After that the dialogue between characters does not stop, which gives us more insight into how out going nick really is. Symbolically this train station represents Nick’s life and how he will meet new people and in his life many people will pass him by. The setting also gives us a good look into Nick’s personality. We can see he is very young by his naivetà ©. But we have a real respect for him, because he is very sensitive to beauty. We can tell bye the way he looks at the ugliest whore there and talk’s about how beautiful her voice is. We read that the cook turned to the fat one quickly and said â€Å"you big disgusting mountain of flesh†. But Nick says â€Å"the big whore shook and laughing. She had a real pretty voice†. We can see through these excerpts that Nick is a really very sensitive to beauty and doesn’t really dislike her because of her size. Nicks naivetà © is shown in the how he doesn’t quite realize these women and how society feel’s toward them. The setting gives us specific insight to our main character. Both physically and emoti...

Once upon a time, there was a girl

Once upon a time, there was a girl. She led what seemed to be a great life. She had a nice home, lots of friends, and happiness. Deep down, this girl was not so happy. She did not feel that her friends were true, and at times, her nice home was not so nice. Now maybe she was being ungrateful, or maybe she only longed for a true friend, but she was not happy. Over a short time, she found a friend in a very unlikely place. You see, her friend was an orange leprechaun. Many people ridiculed her for becoming friends with someone of another kind, but she felt it was true. She didn't talk much about her friend and tried her hardest to put an end to the rumors. People wanted to make her accept her own kind and be friends with only her own She stayed close to her new friend and decided that someday they wouldn't have to hide their friendship. She couldn't wait for this day. She felt that everyone deserved the type of friend He promised to always be true and did his best to help her with problems. For this, she loved him. She loves his friendship; she loved his ways. In a way, this made her sad. She felt that she didn't have anything to offer him because he was from a better kind. For a long time, she believe things wouldn't work out, but They often talked about life's experiences. She told him what she knew, and he told her about his many great adventures. You see, he was an orange leprechaun, and orange leprechauns experienced more than her kind. He told her of the many things he had done and seen. He also helped her to understand and enjoy the best things in life. She greatly enjoyed hearing all he had One day, there was a problem. The Ruler of the Skies had found out about the mixing of the two kinds. The ruler demanded it stop at once. In her heart, she foolishly believed that her orange leprechaun would carry our his pro

Literature review of Acupuncture as an adjunct in Drug and Alcohol Essay

Literature review of Acupuncture as an adjunct in Drug and Alcohol Withdrawal - Essay Example This study was able to establish that there was a strong consensus among clients and staff interviewed that acupuncture had a beneficial impact in terms of helping patient relax, reducing his anxiety and pain. 2. Mills, E., Wu, P., Gagnier, J., and Ebbert, J., (2005). Efficacy of acupuncture for cocaine dependence: a systematic review & meta-analysis. Harm Reduction Journal 2(4), pp. 1-6. In this paper, the authors systematically evaluated and analyzed the randomized controlled trials on acupuncture in the management of cocaine addiction. The authors were able to cover 10 databases using different inclusion criteria. All in all, the authors established that the meta-analysis does not support the use of acupuncture in the management of cocaine dependence. However, most of the trials had issues with a significant loss in their follow-up, thus lessening the impact of the inferences drawn. 3. Black, S., Carey, E., Webber, A., Neish, N., and Gilbert, R. (2011). Determining the efficacy of auricular acupuncture for reducing anxiety in patients withdrawing from psychoactive drugs. J Subst Abuse Treat., 41(3):279-87 This study hypothesized that auricular acupuncture can reduce the anxiety caused by withdrawal from psychoactive drugs. ... lar acupuncture was not more effective than sham or control treatments in reducing anxiety and the use of acupuncture in the management of drug withdrawal is still controversial. 4. Killeen, T. and Brady, K. (1997). A preliminary study of the effects of auricular acupuncture on alcohol and drug withdrawal symptoms. Substance Abuse, 18(3). The authors set out to evaluate the impact of auricular acupuncture in reducing stress in drug withdrawal patients. About 60 patients were covered by this paper with questionnaires used after initial treatment with acupuncture. Their rate of distress was measured. The authors were able to establish that there were statistically significant improvements seen on all measures for the subjects during the pre and post testing period. QUESTION 2 Literature Review Introduction Alternative and complementary medicine has long been part of our conventional medicine practice, especially in many parts of Asia and in the African region. For the West, their focus has always been on conventional and modern medicine and the adaptation of alternative therapies has not found widespread acceptance. There are various risks involved in the use of alternative and complementary medicine, especially as its applications are not supported by scientific studies and research. This paper shall establish a critical analysis of literature on acupuncture and its impact on drug withdrawal. This paper shall provide a critical analysis based on specific literature on the subject matter. First, an overview of the acupuncture shall be discussed, along with a general description of drug withdrawal. Secondly, an overview of available literature on the subject matter shall be presented. Thirdly, a critical analysis of gaps within these studies will be discussed. Lastly, a

International financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International financial management - Essay Example Foreign exchange market makes it possible for both private and commercial transactions including loans, investments, and foreign trade. The existence of a foreign exchange market is a result of economies employing national currencies rather than a common currency (Kumar, and Mukherjee, 2007; Butcher, 2011). If the world economy was to use a single currency, foreign markets could not be a necessity. The foreign exchange market is exceedingly active, and it is largely an over the counter market. Although the exchanges trade futures and option, a number of transactions are over the counter (Brigham, and Houston, 2009). The future expected spot price is the market's belief about an asset’s spot price in the future (Poniachek, 2012). This leads to a question of whether or not one can use the current forward price to predict the particular future spot price. A number of hypotheses have been in place to try clarifying the relationship between the expected future spot price, and the c urrent forward price (Wang, 2009). In the field of financial economics, there has been intensive examination by researchers on the â€Å"Forward Rate Unbiased Hypothesis† (FRUH), as Kumar (2011) indicates. ... This means that organizations can look upon a future exchange rate that is prevailing today as the spot rate of the future date (Sharan, 2006; Carbaugh, 2011). In the case of an assumption that the forex market is rational or efficient, the spot rate that is common at the future date should be in tandem with the future rate for that date established in the market today. Contrary to this belief, scientific evidence indicates that there are significant variations between the forward market rates and the spot rates (Kumar, 2011). In addition, the studies have not been able to produce any material evidence to prove that forward market rate can predict the future spot rates. Some forecasters hold the believe that foreign exchange markets for the principal floating currencies are efficient, and that forward market rates are an unbiased indicators of the future spot exchange rates. Unbiased prediction implies that the forward exchange rate will, on average, underestimate and overestimate th e actual future spot exchange rate in equivalent degree and frequency. There is a probability that the forward market rate may not be equivalent to the future spot exchange rates. This relationship’s rationale is founded on the assumption that: a) There is a quick reflection of all relevant information in both the forward exchange markets and spot exchange markets b) Instruments that are denominated in the various currencies are perfect alternates for each other c) Operation costs are minimal 3. The future spot rate and the forward rate One can make out the relationship between the forward market rate and the expected future spot rate on the unbiased forward rate theory. This theory claims that the forward exchange rate is the superlative, and a balanced,

Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni Essay Example for Free

Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni Essay One Amazing Thing by: Chitra Divakaruni. It was first published in the US in voice by Hyperion in 2009 and later published by Penguin books India February 2010. The book also has 240 pages. Chitra B. Divakaiumi is an award winning author poet. Her work is widely known, as she has been published in over 500 magazines. Including Atlantic Monthly and The New Yorker, and her writing has been included in over 50 anthologies. She was born in India and lived there until 1976. At which point she left Calcutta and came to the United States. A young woman Uma, sits in the waiting room of the India passport office. She starts to get very impatient, and she entertains herself by observing the other people in the waiting room with her. Everyone has a reason of why they want to enter into India. In the waiting area their waits an Africa American war veteran Cameron who takes charge, but some are unhappy about it. A Muslim names Tariq. An upper class Caucasian couple that really don’t get alone. A Chinese grandmother with a secret past, and her granddaughter, two visa office workers on the verge of and affair Malathi and Mr. Mangalam, and Uma. As they all set in the waiting area Uma starts to feel a little rumbling and that when the earthquake strikes. When everything settles down, there were some major injuries as well as some minor injuries. People started to go into survival mode, as there is little food to eat. The office starts to flood. So emotional stress seems to much for everyone to handle as they wait to be rescued or die. So that’s when Uma comes up with everyone telling â€Å"One Amazing Thing† , about themselves because she believes that no one can go through life without encountering at least one amazing thing. So everyone begin to tell one amazing thing that they have never told anyone before. With One Amazing Thing everyone discover so much from each other as well as their selves. Elderly Caucasian couple Mr. and Mrs. Pritchet going through a difficult time in their marriage, an Indian-Muslim man Tariq who is disillusioned and angry with the new US, as Chinese lady Jiang who loved and lost a man in her younger days, her granddaughter Lily, a middle age army officer haunted by his guilt Cameron, Malathi a visa officer who is engaging in a affair with her boss, Mr. Mangalam on the verge of an extra-martial affair, an Indian-American student Uma, who is confused by her parents decision to return to Kolkata after living in the US for over 20 years. The plot focuses on a group of strangers who are trapped in a visa office. Most customers even some staff have come and gone, but nine people remain in the office. When an earthquake rips through the afternoon, trapping these nine characters together, their focus first is to survive through the struggle. There is a little food from which came from what people had. The office begins to flood, and everyone starts to panic and get really scared and frustrated. So when the emotional stress seems to be to much for them to bear, the young lady Uma tells them to tell a personal tale about them that no one knows about â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, from what they have been through in life. So all of their stories from the romance, self-discovery, family, etc. This novel really proves the power of a lot of stories and the meaning of us as human’s expressions itself. In my opinion the book â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, is an engaging book because it reinforces the idea that all of us are different and unique in our own ways, and that we all have stories of our lives that may be interesting or not to tell. We all can connect to this book or see one another if we are willing to take the time out to listen to people. Because everyone has a something to tell, and amazing is not always positive words. But describes something that might have changed a life, or the course of someone life. Some of the stories are very heart breaking, but all of them paint a picture in some way of the characters and why they may be who they have become. Thing by: Chitra Divakaruni. It was first published in the US in voice by Hyperion in 2009 and later published by Penguin books India February 2010. The book also has 240 pages. Chitra B. Divakaiumi is an award winning author poet. Her work is widely known, as she has been published in over 500 magazines. Including Atlantic Monthly and The New Yorker, and her writing has been included in over 50 anthologies. She was born in India and lived there until 1976. At which point she left Calcutta and came to the United States. A young woman Uma, sits in the waiting room of the India passport office. She starts to get very impatient, and she entertains herself by observing the other people in the waiting room with her. Everyone has a reason of why they want to enter into India. In the waiting area their waits an Africa American war veteran Cameron who takes charge, but some are unhappy about it. A Muslim names Tariq. An upper class Caucasian couple that really don’t get alone. A Chinese grandmother with a secret past, and her granddaughter, two visa office workers on the verge of and affair Malathi and Mr. Mangalam, and Uma. As they all set in the waiting area Uma starts to feel a little rumbling and that when the earthquake strikes. When everything settles down, there were some major injuries as well as some minor injuries. People started to go into survival mode, as there is little food to eat. The office starts to flood. So emotional stress seems to much for everyone to handle as they wait to be rescued or die. So that’s when Uma comes up with everyone telling â€Å"One Amazing Thing† , about themselves because she believes that no one can go through life without encountering at least one amazing thing. So everyone begin to tell one amazing thing that they have never told anyone before. With One Amazing Thing everyone discover so much from each other as well as their selves. Elderly Caucasian couple Mr. and Mrs. Pritchet going through a difficult time in their marriage, an Indian-Muslim man Tariq who is disillusioned and angry with the new US, as Chinese lady Jiang who loved and lost a man in her younger days, her granddaughter Lily, a middle age army officer haunted by his guilt Cameron, Malathi a visa officer who is engaging in a affair with her boss, Mr. Mangalam on the verge of an extra-martial affair, an Indian-American student Uma, who is confused by her parents decision to return to Kolkata after living in the US for over 20 years. The plot focuses on a group of strangers who are trapped in a visa office. Most customers even some staff have come and gone, but nine people remain in the office. When an earthquake rips through the afternoon, trapping these nine characters together, their focus first is to survive through the struggle. There is a little food from which came from what people had. The office begins to flood, and everyone starts to panic and get really scared and frustrated. So when the emotional stress seems to be to much for them to bear, the young lady Uma tells them to tell a personal tale about them that no one knows about â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, from what they have been through in life. So all of their stories from the romance, self-discovery, family, etc. This novel really proves the power of a lot of stories and the meaning of us as human’s expressions itself. In my opinion the book â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, is an engaging book because it reinforces the idea that all of us are different and unique in our own ways, and that we all have stories of our lives that may be interesting or not to tell. We all can connect to this book or see one another if we are willing to take the time out to listen to people. Because everyone has a something to tell, and amazing is not always positive words. But describes something that might have changed a life, or the course of someone life. Some of the stories are very heart breaking, but all of them paint a picture in some way of the characters and why they may be who they have become.

Essay --

No matter how fast you can finish or read a book, how fast can you read it with a given time? Think about this, each person has a different speed at how fast they can read out loud or speak and how their brain processes it, but how will the rate they read at change once they’re given a short amount, such as one minute to read an excerpt. Most importantly is how accurate will their reading be. The Brain and Its Function The brain is a complex system that houses the controls to your body ranging from your reaction, emotion, speech or language, development, memory, body functions, and much more. It’s created of a jelly like fat and protein weighing in about three pounds. It’s the body’s biggest organ and consists of over one hundred billion nerves that not only put together thoughts and highly coordinated physical actions, but regulate our unconscious body processes, such as digestion and breathing (http://science.nationalgeographic.com). The largest part of the brain is called the cerebrum, which accounts for eighty-five percent or the organ’s weight, the distinctive outer surface of the brain is the cerebral cortex. The cerebrum is split into two halves, or hemispheres, and it is further divided into four regions, or lobes, in each hemisphere (http://science.nationalgeographic.com). The cerebrum frontal lobe, located behind the forehead, is responsible for speech, thought , learning, emotion, and movement; behind the frontal lobes there’s the parietal lobes that processes sensitive information such as temperature, touch, and pain; at the rear of the brain there’s the occipital lobes that deals with your vision, and then there’s the temporal lobes, near the temples, which control your hearing and memory (http://science.nationalgeog... ...’s aphasia there’s the Wernicke’s aphasia is when you ask a person a question and they respond with a sentence that is more or less grammatical, but contains words that have little to do with the questions or, for the matter, with each other. People with this type of aphasia have difficulty naming things, often then responding with words that sound similar, or names of related thing, it’s as if they are having an absolutely hard time with their mental â€Å"dictionaries.† (http://webspace.ship.edu). Language and Speech The way language works, then, is that each person’s brain contains a lexicon of words and the concepts they stand for (a mental dictionary) and a set of rules that combine the words that convey relationships among concepts (a mental grammar) (Pinker 85). Language uses grammar which is a discrete combinational system that has two important consequences

What is Advertising?

Advertising is a form of communication used to persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to take some action with respect to products, ideas, or services. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common. Advertising messages are usually paid for bysponsors and viewed via various traditional media; including mass media such as newspaper, magazines, television commercial,radio advertisement, outdoor advertising or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messages. 0 Ways to Advertise your Business If you have a work at home business that you run over the internet with a website you will need to get the word out and attract people to your site. There are several ways to do this. Just remember to have a budget and stick to it. Make a plan and do something every day to advertise your work at home business. It is a competitive world out there so try to be unique and original. Your advertising needs to pop out at people to get their attention. If they’ve seen it a hundred times, they’re not going to pay attention to yours. Make your potential customers want to see what you have to offer and want to keep coming back for more. It can be challenging and hard work, but in the end it will all be worth it when your business is a success. These are some of the things you can do to advertise your work at home business. Advertising both online and offline can bring customers to your business. Here are some ideas 10 Ways to Advertise your Business – Make a unique†¦ (Page 2 of 4 ) Make a unique and exciting web page. If you are working online, this will be the heart and soul of your business. Make it as interesting as possible. You want potential customers to want to stay and read all the information you have to offer and buy your products. Write original articles and submit them to article directories. Use your website in your resource box and people will visit your website if the article intrigues them enough. Submit your website to link directories. The more exposure and back links to your site you can get, the better. Find link directories that are popular and have lots of traffic and you’ll have visitors in no time. Place online and offline classifieds. Find classified sites, there are paid and free, and submit eye catching ads. Make the title pop so people will instantly be drawn to it. Hand out flyers with your website address on them. Make flyers with a slogan or picture that will make people stop and look at it. Don’t be afraid to use some color. 10 Ways to Advertise your Business – Get some business†¦ (Page 3 of 4 ) Get some business cards made up with your website address on them. Hand these out whenever you get a chance. You can add color to these also. Make use of the many traffic exchanges on the internet. Find as many as you can and pick the ones that interest you. Use as many as you’re comfortable with because you’ll have to surf and click for an hour or so a day to earn views to your site. Post in forums. Giving people advise on the things you know is building a reputation for you and putting a signature with your name and website address may send people to your site. It’s also a great place to learn from others that are doing the same or similar business as you are. Tell everyone you know about your business and before you know it they will tell others. It’s like a chain reaction, word of mouth can be powerful. Make a capture page. Sometimes they are called squeeze pages or splash pages. Make it short and to the point to grab the attention of the person reading it. They will put their name and email in the opt in form and become a subscriber in your list. You can send them your offers for as long as they are a subscriber. About the Author: Tara Martindale specializes in helping people find the best work at home business opportunities available. Visit Tara's Work at Home Business Opportunities site for details. Print Advertising – Newspapers, Magazines, Brochures, Fliers The print media have always been a popular advertising medium. Advertising products via newspapers or magazines is a common practice. In addition to this, the print media also offers options like promotional brochures and fliers for advertising purposes. Often the newspapers and the magazines sell the advertising space according to the area occupied by the advertisement, the position of the advertisement (front page/middle page), as well as the readership of the publications. For instance an advertisement in a relatively new and less popular newspaper would cost far less than placing an advertisement in a popular newspaper with a high readership. The price of print ads also depend on the supplement in which they appear, for example an advertisement in the glossy supplement costs way higher than that in the newspaper supplement which uses a mediocre quality paper. Outdoor Advertising – Billboards, Kiosks, Tradeshows and Events Outdoor advertising is also a very popular form of advertising, which makes use of several tools and techniques to attract the customers outdoors. The most common examples of outdoor advertising are billboards, kiosks, and also several events and tradeshows organized by the company. The billboard advertising is very popular however has to be really terse and catchy in order to grab the attention of the passers by. The kiosks not only provide an easy outlet for the company products but also make for an effective advertising tool to promote the company's products. Organizing several events or sponsoring them makes for an excellent advertising opportunity. The company can organize trade fairs, or even exhibitions for advertising their products. If not this, the company can organize several events that are closely associated with their field. For instance a company that manufactures sports utilities can sponsor a sports tournament to advertise its products. Broadcast advertising – Television, Radio and the Internet Broadcast advertising is a very popular advertising medium that constitutes several branches like television, radio or the Internet. Television advertisements have been very popular ever since they have been introduced. The cost of television advertising often depends on the duration of the advertisement, the time of broadcast (prime time/peak time), and of course the popularity of the television channel on which the advertisement is going to be broadcasted. The radio might have lost its charm owing to the new age media however the radio remains to be the choice of small-scale advertisers. The radio jingles have been very popular advertising media and have a large impact on the audience, which is evident in the fact that many people still remember and enjoy the popular radio jingles. Covert Advertising – Advertising in Movies Covert advertising is a unique kind of advertising in which a product or a particular brand is incorporated in some entertainment and media channels like movies, television shows or even sports. There is no commercial in the entertainment but the brand or the product is subtly( or sometimes evidently) showcased in the entertainment show. Some of the famous examples for this sort of advertising have to be the appearance of brand Nokia which is displayed on Tom Cruise's phone in the movie Minority Report, or the use of Cadillac cars in the movie Matrix Reloaded. Surrogate Advertising – Advertising Indirectly Surrogate advertising is prominently seen in cases where advertising a particular product is banned by law. Advertisement for products like cigarettes or alcohol which are injurious to health are prohibited by law in several countries and hence these companies have to come up with several other products that might have the same brand name and indirectly remind people of the cigarettes or beer bottles of the same brand. Common examples include Fosters and Kingfisher beer brands, which are often seen to promote their brand with the help of surrogate advertising. Public Service Advertising – Advertising for Social Causes Public service advertising is a technique that makes use of advertising as an effective communication medium to convey socially relevant messaged about important matters and social welfare causes like AIDS, energy conservation, political integrity, deforestation, illiteracy, poverty and so on. David Oglivy who is considered to be one of the pioneers of advertising and marketing concepts had reportedly encouraged the use of advertising field for a social cause. Oglivy once said, â€Å"Advertising justifies its existence when used in the public interest – it is much too powerful a tool to use solely for commercial purposes. . Today public service advertising has been increasingly used in a non-commercial fashion in several countries across the world in order to promote various social causes. In USA, the radio and television stations are granted on the basis of a fixed amount of Public service advertisements aired by the channel. Celebrity Advertising Although the audience is ge tting smarter and smarter and the modern-day consumer getting immune to the exaggerated claims made in a majority of advertisements, there exist a section of advertisers that still bank upon celebrities and their popularity for advertising their products. Using celebrities for advertising involves signing up celebrities for advertising campaigns, which consist of all sorts of advertising including, television ads or even print advertisements. The advantages and disadvantages of advertising boils down to one aspect key aspect – cost. BENEFITS Advertising is generally costly, but has to be viewed as an investment and a cost that is going to pay for itself many times over. There are many different types of advertising and not all forms of advertising cost money. The most effective form is word of mouth – when previous customers make recommendations to others. This type of endorsement is invaluable and comes off the back of good service previously delivered. Word of mouth advertising however rarely delivers massive results, instead it is more likely to bring a steady stream of business and enhanced reputation. Media advertising through television, radio and newspapers is a reliable way of driving sales and results, but is an expensive venture. Selecting your target audience and the medium best suited to reach that audience is an art in itself, but when completed properly provides great returns. DISADVANTAGES The downside of advertising is that you have to have your business geared up to cope with additional demand, as well as targeting the right audience. If you spend money on a campaign and do not have the stock or manpower to deal with the demand that follows, it could end up being counter-productive. Being unable to match demand or meet promises can be very damaging to the reputation of a company. If customers are let down or not happy with the service they receive following an advertising campaign, it could be a long time before they consider doing business again. A well planned, targeted advertising campaign can revolutionize a company, bringing them to the public attention and creating a market that can continue to pay dividends for months to come. By keeping the message straightforward and simple a campaign can create a favorable impression, leading to inquires and orders, and giving the company the opportunity to maximize business and profits.

Play a View from the Bridge Essay

This play a View from the Bridge raises many complex issues. Like the fact, that Beatrice’s cousins maybe found out by the immigration services and the fact that Eddie is overprotective over Catharine but Beatrice wants her to grow up. In addition, the way Eddie objects to Rodolpho’s appearance and manner. The biggest problem Beatrice has is that there seems to be no romance in there sex life no more. She feels that there is no sex life.  It becomes clear from the very beginning that Eddie has worries about his wife’s visitors from Italy. He fears that Catharine maybe putting her self out too much for her guests which maybe be a little true. The reader can tell he has these concerns when eddies says â€Å"Beatrice, all I’m worried about is you got such a heart that I’ll end up on the floor with you and they’ll be in our bed† Act One Pg 8  This statement shows that he is not just worried about his own well being he also worried that his wife maybe to kind to notice when people are taken advantage of her.  Beside that, he is worried about his reputation in his local community. He wishes to be seen as a local hero around his community, but I think as soon as he realized that his new guests maybe a threat to reputation for two reasons. The first being that Rudolph is courting Catharine and Eddie feels that inappropriate because in courting Catharine, Rudolph is drawing the wrong kind of attention to himself. This worries Eddie that the immigration may find them out and arrest him. Therefore loosing his reputation as the rock in the community. The other worry on eddies mind is that Catharine is growing up to fast and is very overprotective over her. In everything, she does, he is always protesting and making things difficult an example of this is when he asked her why she was all dressed up and where she is going. In addition, he shows his overprotective nature when Rodolpho decides that he has sexual feelings towards Catharine. He was doing everything in his power to prevent there wedding or there progression of there relationship. He made arguments. For example in act one tried to teach Rodolpho how to box just to pick a fight with him. He even went to extremes and kissed him to prove that Rodolpho was gay. As if that was not enough he also kissed Catharine, which showed his love and caring nature towards her, but it may also show that he may have more sexual feelings than a parental love for her.  Eddie is a very old-fashioned man he believes that men should dress and act in a certain manner. To Eddie Rodolpho does not act in that manner. Eddie has his own theory that Rudolph is a homosexual. Tries to prove his theory many times. Every time failing to prove his point. Much to his embarrassment in the end, it provoked him to try to stab Rudolph and Marco. The biggest problem is that the romance between Beatrice and Eddie do not have that much romance in there life. In the beginning of the play there is barley any romance between the two by the end the pair have no love for each other at all. The main wedge between them is Catharine. She has become a wedge between them because Eddie through out the play developing feelings for Catharine romantic and otherwise. Making Eddie grow ever more distant from Beatrice. This probably made Beatrice feel unwanted and a little bit jealous. She had hostile feeling toward Eddie when the hostile feeling should be towards Catharine. The only thing she had to say to Catharine is that she has to grow up. Whereas when she confronted Eddie about it, he just shrugged it off with â€Å"it’s complicated†. This statement may have made Beatrice feel alone and unwanted.  In conclusion Eddie drove him self to a state of madness and drove his family to a point of hatred. He has forced his family to despise him. To the point of wanting to cause him, harm. Even though the main two women in his life still love, him they may feel over protected and to controlled.

Malcolm X vs Martin Luther King essays

Malcolm X vs Martin Luther King essays In the spring and summer of 1941, the Second World War began to spiral into a truly global conflict. In 1940, the World War was in reality a combination of several regional conflicts around the globe and couldnt truly be classified as a global war. In Europe, Hitlers Germany had overrun most of the continent and stood along the Soviet Border in an anxious truce with Stalins Soviet Union. In Asia, the Japanese Empire had gained control over much of the eastern seaboard including vital points such as Shanghai, Hong Kong and the Korean Peninsula. Finally, in Africa, the Axis powers had invaded Egypt and were beginning to spread along the Mediterranean seaboard. In 1941, however, the major world powers that had been notably absent from much military conflict, the United States and the Soviet Union, would enter and merge these regional conflicts into the first truly global war. On May 8th 1941, the escalation of war was very apparent in the media. The newspapers accounted the merging of conflicts that soon came to a decisive point of decision, which was whether or not the United States would join the Allied forces. As well as supplying information about the war to many citizens, the media was an important weapon in itself. The swaying of civilian views on the war was vital for all countries involved in the conflict, and the best medium for this persuasion was the mass media. Newspapers from around the world reported, predicted (often incorrectly), persuaded and in some cases affected the events occurring in the war. From ads and comic strips, to articles and pictures, the newspapers of May 8th 1941, not only transferred information to the masses, but transformed the views of the masses, and in a part, the outcome of the war. In May of 1941, there was no visible end in sight to a war that was just continuing to expand. The European war was now in the skies and the seas as the Luftwaffe pounded British cities and fac...

Is It Safe to Use Free Papers

Is It Safe to Use Free Papers Is It Safe to Use Free Papers? The answer to this question is fully in the aim with which the free papers are to be used. It is an obvious fact that submitting a free paper to your school involves great risk to be expelled for plagiarism. Free papers can be downloaded by numbers of students and you have no guarantee that if you use it your call mate will not use the same paper as well. Of course free papers can be of use if you download them jut for examples. Completion of some of the written assignments requires knowledge of the structure and writing skills. If you go online to take a look at free papers to be used as samples it can help you understand the layout of the paper, some basic features, writing style to be used, etc. It is not a secret that for an average student leisure is a lot more pleasant way to spend time and money then then doing a written assignment therefore using a free paper from the Internet which is instant and doesnt cost anything seems very attractive. Some cannot stand this temptation and as a result and up having issues with plagiarism. The only safe alternative is ordering a custom written paper which will assure originality and quality. Moreover the free papers cannot be used as referential material or a source they can only serve as visual aid to let you better understand how work should be written. So next time when you go online trying to download a free paper think twice before you use it.

Disparities in Health Care and African Americans Distrust in Essay

Disparities in Health Care and African Americans Distrust in Physicians - Essay Example Susan., Jenny, K. Miller and Lily, A. Arasatnam, 2003). Disparities are also seen in the unwillingness of African Americans to participate in clinical trials due to distrust (Giselle, Stephen and Diane, 2002).Research has also shown that African Americans seek treatments less frequently than the whites, they are also less likely to accept physicians at the end of life due to views that there is nothing that can be done. As a result, African Americans have a larger share of the burden linked to mental illness and other diseases. They are also resistant to accept decisions that save life as they do not trust physicians to promote their best interests at the end of life care (Siminoff and Robert, 1997).Studies have also shown that, if an African American patient pays a visit to a white physicians, there is less involvement in decision making, less partnership, lower rates of trust and lower levers of satisfaction in the care (LaVeist, Kim, and Janius, 2000).Lack of treatment may be due to absence of resources, insurance obstacles, cultural believes, attitudes and mistrust in the health care institutions. Disparity in health care is also due to lack of knowledge among the African Americans hence they have misconceptions which may preclude them from adopting such medications as viable forms of treatment (Schnittker, 2004).Such misconceptions includes the belief that treatments are ‘experimentally’ or mind altering. Studies have also shown that religious orientations can also reduce the willingness to take Psychiatric medications especially if they are deemed as ineffective in comparison to divine influence (Schnittker, 2004). Trust is also very important for all medical decisions such as using Psychiatric medications and adherence to medical regimens. Trust plays a very critical role in those cultures that have indigenous traditions that are contrary to treatment methods. It is therefore an important component of physician-patient

History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

History - Assignment Example According to OXO (2010), in 1990, Ferbers engaged in research about kitchen tools, liaising with Smart Design and later came up with OXO Good Grip kitchen products. The products attracted so many people at a show held in San Francisco having hit the US market massively in 1990. The secret for the success of OXO kitchenware products was their low prices and wide variety. Ferber sold his company to General Housewares Corporation in 1992 later retiring from the company’s management in 1995. The company has grown to a point of making more than 850 products for different parts of the home. Some of the products that the company currently makes include cooking tools, barware, garden tools, trash cans, household cleaning tools, lighting, office products, storage and organization products, bath cleaning tools and accessories. In terms of economic growth, the company achieved an yearly growth rate in sales of close to 27 percent from 1991 to

Art, Self, and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art, Self, and Society - Essay Example The essay "Art, Self, and Society" discovers the wrapped Reichstag by Christo and Jean-Claude. Despite many challenges and rigorous process that someone has to go through in life, there is always a glimmer of hope and success at the end. The artists went through very tormenting moments, sacrifice and patience so that they could have the permission of the parliament to wrap Reichstag. Therefore, every endeavor that one undertakes should be driven by the end rather than the means. Arguably, the wrapped Reichstag also sends a message that in life nothing is impossible. Even the bigger structural constructions, which are more than the size of Reichstag, could be completed when adequate resources are properly used. Therefore, no matter how big something might appear, still there is a possibility of doing it to completion. This can as well be seen among the people who came to see the Reichstag structure that amazed many of them due to its big size and structural composition. Moreover, the Reichstag is a symbol of democracy to the people of the society. The convening of the old parliament building leaves a sign that the past dictatorship acts were outdated, thus autocratic laws were no longer passed. Indeed, the artwork at the moment identified with several people who had fallen victims of the oppressive dictatorship rules. The wrapping of Reichstag becomes very symbolic since it is a clear sign that the dark ages of oppressive rules are over, and this marks the new beginning of political dispensation.

Briefly comment on the communication research report Essay Example for Free

Briefly comment on the communication research report Essay With rapid advancement of new communication technologies, people currently can freely and actively express their own opinions in the new media. For example, the Internet has dramatically changed the ways in which some individuals receive news and information, this is very big different from the traditional forms of communication. However, there are some correlation links between traditional mass communication ways and modern new technology ways(Kotcher,1992;Rubin, 1994). Roberts M, Wanta, W and Dzwo, T (2002) examined one aspect of the Internet: electronic bulletin boards (EBBs). The objective of this study is to investigate if traditional news media sources have an agenda-setting impact on the discussions taking place on the EBBs. In other words, the purpose of the study is to examine the agenda-setting process and the role it may play on the Internet. The reports dominant methodology is quantitative. As we know, it is a critical issue that appropriate methodology should be taken depending on different research topic. Quantitative approach and qualitative approach have their respective advantages and disadvantages (Fowler, 1993). Quantitative research, through surveys, gathers data about peoples knowledge, opinions, attitudes and behavior. Quantitative research approach is used to generate new knowledge for evidence-based practice. Attention will be given to the advantages and disadvantages of Quantitative research designs for large group research, the principles of reliability and validity, the value of descriptive and inferential statistics and the importance of ethical research conduct. For the topic, it belongs to sociology category, so I think the researchers have used appropriate research approach (quantitative research approach) even though the approach has some disadvantages. This is because quantitative research approach for this topic has the following advantages: Large members of people can be studies; the method is relatively quick and relatively cheap; the results are reliable, and representative of a much wider population than that directly investigated, the personal influence of the research on the results is slight and the data can easily be expressed in statistical form. This enables comparisons to be made between different groups and populations. For this study, the researchers use Internet, its main advantages are low/moderate cost to design; low cost to send; quick to analyse data; easy for respondent to complete and can attach brochures, images, etc. However, Every survey methodology has its weaknesses, and online surveys are no exception. Not sure who is answering the survey. Like mail studies, it is difficult to insure the desired person actually answers the survey. Not representative of the population. The Internet population has a slight bias towards younger, more computer literate users, though this is changing all the time and becoming more representative of the population. Long surveys are more difficult. The personalities of todays online users makes it difficult to coerce respondents into completing long surveys. Not a mainstream research methodology, yet. With more experience and comparative analyses of online surveys versus mail and telephone results, online surveys should reach the same level of acceptance as other methodologies. For this research, the researchers use EBBs which has the above weaknesses too. For the researchs method, the researchers use five steps (Roberts, 2002, P456-458): The first step imperative examines whether traditional news media sources have an agenda-setting impact on the discussions taking place on the EBBs. They ask Do individuals take issue information gained from news media and pass information about this issue online to other electronic bulletin board users? The second step is selecting the sample. The third step deals with defining categories, time frames, coding units, and context units. The fourth step is content analysis and the final and fifth step of content analysis process is to analyze and interpret the data. The five steps are typical research method that is used by many researchers (McMillan, 2000) and they are very similar with the quantities analysis approach (the Scientific Method) which includes seven steps: Defining the problem; Developing a Model; Acquiring Input Data; Developing a Solution; Testing the Solution; Analyzing the Results and Implementing the Results (Render, 1982). The researchers use an ARIMA model cross-correlational test showed EBB discussions of three issuesimmigration, health care, and taxes-correlated with news media coverage, with time lags varying from 1 day to 7 days. In my opinion, the method is appropriate method for the topic. This investigation looks for a more powerful effect than previous agenda-setting researchers. Because of the Internets dynamic characteristic of transmitting information from senders to receivers, researchers currently assume that our traditional theories of mass communication can directly apply to online communication (Wimmer, 1994). The researches have an accurate research questions or hypothesis that are: how will the new online communication forms affect the agenda-setting process? Can we assume that the transfer of salience still follows the original hypothesis? How does the condensed and compressed environment of online communication affect what we know about time frame effects? All these questions are explored in their study. By quantitative research, the researchers concluded: The results demonstrate the usefulness of examining the rule the Internet plays in the agenda-setting process. Media coverage apparently can provide individuals with information to use in their Internet discussions. As the Internet continues to become an important source of information, it also will become an important area for mass communication researchers. (Roberts, 2002, P464). The report also recommended future research should link other mass communication theoretical approaches with Internet usage. Despite the research has some definite problems; online research has many more advantages than disadvantages. When surveying populations, which mimic the demographics of online users, online research can be a primary means of information collection. With other populations, online research can be effective as a supplement to more traditional survey approaches or as a quick impression of your customers (much like qualitative approaches are used). For outlook, as the Internet continues to grow in popularity, investigations of the content of information being sent online similarly will increase in importance. The study takes an important step in linking the Internet to a mainstream mass communication theory. References Kotcher, R. L. (1992). The technological revolution has transformed crisis communication. Public Relations Quarterly, 37(3), 19-21. Rubin, R. , P. Palmgreen, and H. Sypher (1994 eds. ), Communication Research Measures: A Sourcebook, New York: Guilford. Roberts, et al (2002), Agenda setting and issue salience online. Communication Research, Vol. 29 No. 4, August 452-465. Fowler, Floyd J. , Jr (1993). Survey Research Methods, 2nd ed. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. McMillan, S. J. (2000). The microscope and the moving target: The challenge of applying content analysis to the World Wide Web. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77, 80-98. Render, B and Stair, R. M (1982). Quantitative Analysis for Management ( The Second Edition). New York: Library of congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Wimmer, R. D. and J. R. Dominick (1994), Mass Media Research: An Introduction, 4th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Information Technology Essay -- essays research papers

Information technology is a rapidly growing part of today's society. It affects everyone's life in many aspects. Every human endeavor is influenced by information technology and the increasing rate at which what it can perform includes. One area of human endeavor that information technology has greatly influenced is the practice of medicine, specifically veterinary medicine. Not only has veterinary medicine been influenced by information technology, it has also been enhanced by it. The degree to which the practice of veterinary medicine includes information technology is observable at the Animal Emergency Clinic of Central New York on Erie Blvd. in Syracuse, New York. Section I: veterinary medicine. Doctors of veterinary medicine are the people who engage in the human endeavor of practicing veterinary medicine. The activities that are included in this endeavor are the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. The best way to handle a disease is to prevent acquiring it altogether. To accomplish this animals are given the available vaccinations for the most likely diseases they would get according to what type of animal they are and where they live. Unfortunately not every disease has a vaccination and not every animal has the opportunity to receive the available vaccinations. When an animal gets sick it is the duty of the veterinarian to determine the cause of the sickness and the best possible course of treatment for it. Veterinarians have many other responsibilities as well. These range from, but are not limited to, treating wounded animals and spaying or neutering them to preventing the spread of diseases from animals to humans through agriculture. The first school of veterinary medicine was in France. It opened in 1761. Veterinary medicine schools started to open in the United States of America during the civil war. (www.encyclopedia.com) To become a doctor of veterinary medicine, DVM, one must complete veterinary school. To get accepted into a school of veterinary medicine, a student has to meet the requirements of that particular vet school. Most of the requirements can be satisfied through undergraduate course work. The hard part is to have done a better job at meeting these requirements than the competition has. As an undergraduate, the student must demonstrate not only academic excellence and dedication to service and helping others, ... ... WWII. (www.encyclopedia.com) The use of certain information technologies in the field of human medicine are sure to have an influence in the practice of veterinary medicine. Antibiotics are another example of veterinary technology influencing human medicine. It is expected that advances in human medicine will affect veterinary medicine. The use of information technology to enable surgeons to perform surgery off site is sure to carry over to veterinary medicine. This will have a great affect on the way doctors perform in this field. To prepare oneself for success in veterinary medicine all of the required graduate and undergraduate courses must be completed. However, the best preparation for success is exposure to the field. In order to be completely ready for the practice of veterinary medicine knowing how to use the relevant information technologies is a necessity. The best way to accomplish this is through additional courses or observation. According to Tamela, a licensed veterinary technician who works at the AEC of CNY, watching another vet. at work, and seeing how he/she uses the technology to his/her advantage is an invaluable way to prepare for success in this field."

Different Kinds of Joy Essay

The pursuit of happiness is a reoccurring theme in numerous novels. In the novel, Their Eye’s Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston, what brings happiness differs to each character. To the main character Janie, happiness is found in love, but to her grandmother Nanny, happiness is found in security. At first, Janie does what Nanny wills her to. At the age of 16, Janie marries into security. She is safe, but unhappy. Still yearning for love, Janie runs away with Mr. Starks. With Starks, Janie is once again safe, but unhappy. Starks then passes away, and Janie finds her true love, Tea Cake. Through Tea Cake Janie re-realizes her dream of love and abandons Nanny’s dream of security, she descends into the muck with Tea Cake, learning to love life too. To find happiness, Janie has to step down from her pedestal and into the muck. Hurston efficiently uses this reverse metaphor to convey that happiness comes from mutual love, and that this can be found anywhere, even from the muck of society. Nanny’s ideals in life and Janie’s are different. To â€Å"take a stand on high ground† (p16) is the ideal for Nanny. Nanny wants Janie to marry into security. With security, Janie could be safe from the abuse that her grandmother and mother had experienced. At first, this is what Janie does even though it is not what she wants. She wants to be in love, â€Å"to be a pear tree—any tree in bloom! With kissing bees and singing of the beginning of the world! † (p11). When Janie finds this, she realizes what Nanny’s dream had done to her. She realizes that her dreams had been â€Å"pinched it in to [into] such a little bit of a thing that she could tie her grandmother’s neck tight enough to choke her† (p89). With this realization, Janie’s dream rekindles. She realizes that mutual love, him loving her, and her â€Å"wants (wanting) to want him†, is all she needs to find love in life and herself. Janie’s search for love ends with Tea Cake. Janie and Tea Cake are at opposite ends of the social spectrum when they meet. Janie is known as Mrs. Mayor Starks, while Tea Cake is known as a â€Å"player. † Even though Tea Cake can offer her no security, he can offer her love and acceptance. When first meeting, Tea Cake asks Janie to play checkers. Janie â€Å"found (finds) herself glowing inside. Somebody wanted (wants) her to play. Somebody thought (finds) it natural for her to play† (p96). Tea Cake sees Janie as woman, not a trophy wife. And because of this, Janie sees Tea Cake as a lover, not a lowlife. Once Janie is able to love Tea Cake, she learns to love the muck as well. Janie thinks, â€Å"if people think de same they can make it all right. So in the beginnin’ new thoughts had tuh be thought, and new words said† (p115). Janie has to experience new things with Tea Cake, like the muck, in order to love and understand him even more. Once she accepts the muck, she becomes a part of it. Sometimes Janie would think of the old days in the big white house and the store and laugh to herself† (p134). This is because like Tea Cake, the muck accepts her. â€Å"Only here, she could listen and laugh and even talk sometimes herself if she wanted to† (p134). Being in the muck is like being in love, except with place, and eventually with life. Even though the muck has no riches and is the lowest aspect in society, it doesn’t matter to Janie. In the muck, Janie is poor but she is accepted. Janie is loved, and Janie is happy. Janie has a dream of love and happiness, but her grandmother also has a dream of security. At first Nanny’s dreams overpowered her own, leading Janie into a secure but loveless marriage. Janie then becomes Mrs. Mayor Starks, which Nanny would have loved, but joy still eludes her. To find this joy, Janie has to find love. Then Tea Cake appears in her life, becoming her one and only. He gives her what she wants, a mutual love. Janie then moves to the muck with Tea Cake and learns to work. She is no longer Mrs. Mayor Starks, she is Janie. In the muck, she learns that love is trust and acceptance. She learns to find love in everything, even herself. Janie is now truly happy. Even in the lowest part of society.

Religious or moral issue of concern to Christians Essay

Analyse and explain the way in which a religious or moral issue of concern to Christians has been dealt with in a television soap opera The moral issue that I have chosen to follow is adultery, which is when a married person has voluntary sexual intercourse with other married or not married people, rather than his or her spouse. The reason I have chosen this moral issue is because it is part of everyday life, many people are doing it and are not taking notice of the hurt and pain they are causing. I have chosen Eastenders for my soap opera, because it is a popular soap and the moral issue adultery is shown, through Natalie and Ricky’s affair. Christians have a strong view on adultery, they believe that you should keep sexual intercourse for marriage because it makes it part of a religious or spiritual contact and it makes it dependant on a commitment to spend the rest of your life with someone, also â€Å"Do not commit adultery† is one of the ten commandments, so Christians are totally against adultery. The main characters involved were Ricky, Natalie, Pat and Barry. The storyline begins with, Ricky and his son Liam coming back to the square after a few years away. After a few weeks Ricky is starting to settle down and he is renting a flat with Sam Mitchell his ex-wife, Natalie and Ricky are friends at this point. After a while Natalie realizes she still loves Ricky, her first love, and starts meeting up with him secretly and has sexual intercourse with him. Natalie makes up excuses saying that she’s working overtime and during her lunch breaks when she’s really meeting up with Ricky. One night Pat sees Ricky picking up Natalie from round the corner from their house. The next morning Pat confronts Natalie about what she saw and tells her to end it but Natalie starts crying and says that she still loves Ricky, but Pat tells Natalie about her own love life and that she would be making a big mistake by seeing Ricky. Natalie is still confused and not sure whom she wants to be with. On Ricky’s birthday Natalie stays home and looks after Jack and Liam, Ricky’s son. So Barry, Pat and Roy can go to Ricky’s party soon after they arrive Barry persuades Roy and Pat to go home and baby-sit so Natalie can come to the party. When Natalie arrives she gives Ricky his card and on the back of the envelope Natalie wrote meet me outside the back where she tells him that she is going to leave Barry. Pat and Natalie talk again and Pat shows Natalie the secret tape, which Barry has recorded for Natalie’s birthday it is a really special tape because Barry says how much he loves her, how important she is to him and how happy she makes him feel, after seeing the video Natalie realises that she is doing wrong and tells Ricky it’s over. Natalie realises she can’t forget Ricky and soon their affair is back on and they plan to move away from the square and start afresh. They plan to leave on Natalie’s birthday, Natalie doesn’t even care about the preparations that Barry made for her birthday party in the Vic. They are ready to head off but Ricky’s car has broken down so they have to take the car that Barry bought for Natalie. Barry is still in the Vic waiting for the guest of honour to arrive but Janine knows about Ricky and Natalie and tells Barry. Barry runs outside and sees Natalie driving off but he stops them. Natalie then tells Barry she’s leaving him, Barry takes her into the Vic and shows her what he has organised for her, Natalie runs off to the toilets Barry runs after her and tries o make her change her mind but her minds already made up. Natalie is ready to leave but then Janine tells Natalie that Ricky slept with Sam, Natalie leaves the square only taking her son with he r. Barry is left heartbroken, he then finds out that Pat knew about Ricky and Natalie, Pat and Roy end up having an argument about it, Roy has a heart attack and dies. The issue seen was dealt sensitively because the different characters feelings were expressed, although it was Natalie who was having the affair, you could see that not only was it the innocent partner that was confused but the partner which was committing adultery was even more confused, Natalie wasn’t sure who she wanted to be with at some points and was getting very upset over it. Pat tried to help her make the right decision but Natalie didn’t care. This soap opera made the moral issue less appealing, I think that it made people think more about what they are doing is totally wrong. The reason it did not make it more appealing is because it showed all the different circumstances people were left in, Natalie ended it with Ricky because he slept with Sam, Barry was left with no son and no wife, the baby was left with no father, Pat was left as the enemy and homeless because Roy dies and leaves the house to Barry, so the issue was shown well balanced because all the main characters feelings and circumstances were shown, many of the characters were feeling hurt. Overall I think this soap opera has shown adultery to be unpleasant because it shows just how many peoples lives are ruined not just the adultery committers, but people who try to help them understand what they are doing is wrong, but are then given the evil for not telling the truthful partner. So this teaches most viewers that adultery is not a good thing. I don’t think that soap opera’s might affect people’s behaviour because mostly they deal with issues to express the circumstances of good and bad. This issue would not cause offence because although it is an issue, which is happening in everyday life it is not based on particular people.

Combination of Noir Style and Existentialist Motif The Matrix essays

Combination of Noir Style and Existentialist Motif The Matrix essays The Matrix (1999) is an extension of the existentialist motifs of the mid 20th Century set in the 23rd, for its obvious influences from the American Noir Style. This is apparent when looking at the five points of this existentialism. First, Thomas A. Anderson (Keanu Reeves), a.k.a. Neo, is portrayed from the beginning of the film as a normal Joe who holds the potential of a world savior, yet without the narcissism. He does not have X-ray vision or the ability to leap tall buildings in a single bound, but rather, he is a lowly computer programmer for a respectable computer company. He does not appear important to anyone else in the film at first, and it is because of his lifestyle. Mister Anderson is immersed in the world of computers. As a result, he is lonely and alienated from the world or reality. This feeling is also reflected in the high, swooping camera angle found in the film, which is characteristically Noir. But what is reality? The truth? Neo makes the conscious choice to see how deep the rabbit hole goes. One finds out later in the film that at the point of making such a choice, he was nothing... or nothing more than an oversized Energizer; but upon choosing the truth he is also trying to free his mind from the prison he cannot taste or touch or see. Neo is doomed to fail, as no one has come before him to succeed in the freeing of his own mind. As a result, he is under a sentence of death; the system is set up against him; the Matrix has him... he struggles with the choice between life and death, as he must let his instructor, Morpheus (Lawrence Fishburne), die or sacrifice himself to save him. There is only one element holding his life in tact: Fate... At first, Mister Anderson does not like the idea of fate, as he cannot stand the idea of not being able to control his own destiny. Throughout the entire film, as Mister Anderson...

Technological Transformation essays

Technological Transformation essays Throughout history, technological advances have always altered society. Elizabeth Schwartz Cowan argues in her book A Social History of American Technology that from the earliest times, technology has had significant impact on the social, economic and political makeup. This is not a new phenomenon that started with computers. For example, mass production, transportation and especially communications have greatly impacted the world. The Industrial Revolution, first originating in Great Britain, quickly was accepted in the U.S. where it flourished and took a significant new shape (Pursell 87) and became the American system of manufacturers. The whole purpose of this system was to transfer the product from the workers to the machines. Specialized machines could much more rapidly and efficiently mass produce parts used for such consumer goods as sewing machines, bicycles and typewriters. One thinks of Henry Fords assembly line when regarding mass production, but Pursell (91) explains that More than any other product, it was the bicycle that forged the link between early-nineteenth-century armory practice and early-twentieth-century mass production. In the 1890s, one company, alone, was producing 60,000 bikes a year. From a social standpoint, Americans started to become dependent on these machines that made life easier. Increasing numbers of people began living in the cities instead of on farms. Closer living arrangements, unfortunately led to epidemics. According to Wilentz (79), domestic service was also transformed. Hired help, as a domestic servant was called, had been a traditional worker in New England local communities. After the mid-1800s, a larger number of these workers were hired for the labor market, and service became a low-paid job. This bastardization of craft, as Wilentz calls it, eliminated the traditional world of craft workers and apprentices and radically ...